How much does it cost to + 动词原形? 用来问“做某事要多少钱”。比如 How much does it cost to rent a car? 是“租一辆车要多少钱？”这句话最容易错在三处：把 cost 写成 costs，把 does 换成 is，或者在 to 后面直接放名词。记住 3 步：先问价格，再放动作，最后判断是不是该换成 How much is。
一句话先判断：问动作费用，用 How much does it cost to do
这个句型适合问“做一个动作、完成一件事、使用一项服务”需要多少钱。
How much does it cost to + 动词原形?
做某事要多少钱？Cambridge Dictionary 的 cost 词条把 cost 解释为买或做某事需要支付某个金额，并给出 It costs a lot to buy a house... 这类结构。British Council 的 question words 页面也直接使用了 How much does it cost?。
所以你要问“租车、订房、打车、报名、寄东西要多少钱”，都可以先从这个框架开始。
第 1 步：先把问价格的骨架说稳
骨架是：
How much does it cost?
它要多少钱？这里的 it 可以先理解成“这件事、这个服务、这个安排”。你还没说具体动作时，先用 it 占住主语位置。
常见错误是把它说成：
不对：How much is it cost?
正确：How much does it cost?cost 在这里是主要动词，不是形容词，也不是名词价格标签，所以一般现在时问句要借助 does。如果你问的是“票多少钱”，可以说 How much is the ticket?；如果你用 cost 作动词，就说 How much does the ticket cost?
第 2 步：to 后面放动作，不是直接放名词
How much does it cost to... 后面要接动词原形，表示“做什么事”。
How much does it cost to rent a car?
租一辆车要多少钱？
How much does it cost to book a room?
订一个房间要多少钱？
How much does it cost to take a taxi to the airport?
打车去机场要多少钱？注意，to 后面不是随便放一个名词。你想问“租车”，英语里要说 to rent a car；想问“订房”，说 to book a room；想问“打车去机场”，说 to take a taxi to the airport。
再迁移几个日常场景：
How much does it cost to join the course?
报名这门课要多少钱？
How much does it cost to ship this package?
寄这个包裹要多少钱？
How much does it cost to repair the screen?
修屏幕要多少钱？这类句子不要从中文逐词找“费用、价格、钱”。先找到动作：join、ship、repair，再放进 to + 动词原形。
第 3 步：问名词价格时，换成 How much is 或 How much does … cost
如果你问的是“某个东西多少钱”，不一定要用 to。
| 你想问什么 | 更自然的问法 | 判断 |
|---|---|---|
| 做某事要多少钱 | How much does it cost to rent a car? | 后面有动作 |
| 这张票多少钱 | How much is the ticket? | 直接问名词价格 |
| 这本书多少钱 | How much does this book cost? | 用 cost 作动词问物品价格 |
你可以用一个问题判断：我是在问“做一个动作要多少钱”，还是问“这个东西多少钱”？
如果是动作，用：
How much does it cost to + 动词原形?如果是东西，用：
How much is + 名词?
How much does + 名词 + cost?为什么是 does it cost，不是 does it costs？
因为 does 已经承担了一般现在时第三人称单数的问句变化，后面的主要动词回到原形。
Cambridge Grammar Today 的 do 页面说明，构成主要动词的问句时，用 do/does/did + 主语 + 主要动词。British Council 的 present simple 页面也说明，does 用于第三人称单数问句。
所以：
不对：How much does it costs to rent a car?
正确：How much does it cost to rent a car?你可以把 does 理解成已经把语法变化拿走了，cost 就不要再加 s。
想更礼貌，可以改成 Can you tell me how much it costs to
在酒店、机场、客服或前台场景里，直接问 How much does it cost to...? 没问题。如果想更礼貌，可以说：
Can you tell me how much it costs to book a room?
你能告诉我订一个房间要多少钱吗？
Could you tell me how much it costs to take a taxi to the airport?
请问打车去机场要多少钱？这里有一个容易错的地方：间接问句里用陈述语序，所以是 how much it costs to...，不是 how much does it cost to...。
不对：Can you tell me how much does it cost to book a room?
正确：Can you tell me how much it costs to book a room?British Council 的 question words 页面也把 How much does it cost? 和 Can you tell me how much it costs? 放在一起，正好可以用来记这个差别。
30 秒练习：先找动作，再套句型
把下面中文先拆出动作，再套进句型。
| 中文 | 动作 | 英语问句 |
|---|---|---|
| 租车要多少钱？ | rent a car | How much does it cost to rent a car? |
| 订房要多少钱？ | book a room | How much does it cost to book a room? |
| 打车去机场要多少钱？ | take a taxi to the airport | How much does it cost to take a taxi to the airport? |
| 报名课程要多少钱？ | join the course | How much does it cost to join the course? |
| 修屏幕要多少钱？ | repair the screen | How much does it cost to repair the screen? |
练的时候不要一次背十个句子。先把 How much does it cost to 这串说顺，再替换后面的动作。用 Video Language Learn 做逐句精听或跟读时，可以把同一句拆成三段循环：How much does it cost、to rent a car、完整句。先听清 does it cost，再跟读完整问句，最后换一个动作自己造句。
常见错误速查
错误 1：把 cost 加 s
不对：How much does it costs to ship this package?
正确：How much does it cost to ship this package?does 出现后，主要动词用原形。
错误 2：把 cost 当成 be 动词后面的补语
不对：How much is it cost to repair the screen?
正确：How much does it cost to repair the screen?问动作费用时，cost 是动词，所以用 does it cost。
错误 3：to 后面直接放名词
不自然：How much does it cost to a taxi?
正确：How much does it cost to take a taxi?to 后面要有动作。taxi 是名词，前面需要 take 这个动作。
错误 4：间接问句还保留 does
不对：Could you tell me how much does it cost to join the course?
正确：Could you tell me how much it costs to join the course?间接问句里不要再倒装，改回 how much it costs。
FAQ
How much does it cost to 怎么用？
它用于问“做某事要多少钱”，结构是 How much does it cost to + 动词原形? 例如 How much does it cost to book a room?
How much does it cost 后面一定要加 to 吗？
不一定。How much does it cost? 本身就完整。如果要说明具体做什么事，就加 to + 动词原形，例如 to rent a car。
How much is 和 How much does it cost 有什么区别？
How much is + 名词? 更直接问某个东西多少钱，例如 How much is the ticket?；How much does it cost to + 动词原形? 问做某事要多少钱，例如 How much does it cost to take a taxi?
Can I say How much does it cost for a taxi?
可以有人这样问，但初学者更稳的表达是 How much does it cost to take a taxi? 如果你已经有明确名词，也可以说 How much is a taxi to the airport? 具体选法看你是在问动作费用，还是问某项服务价格。
为什么 cost 在 How much does it cost 里不加 s？
因为 does 已经表示第三人称单数的一般现在时问句，后面的主要动词用原形，所以是 does it cost，不是 does it costs。
Practice Next
用真实视频练一次这个知识点
读懂规则后，选一段真实英文视频，把这个表达放回声音、字幕、跟读和听写里，才更容易变成主动表达。
